Indicating and testing apparatus.



' MQE. HUMAN.

NDlCATING AND TESTING APPARATUS.,

APPLICATION min Amma. 1916'.

1,265,953... Patented May14,1918,

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INDICATING AND TESTING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION mw Amwmlsxs.

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v Patented May14,1918.

:aannam E. Pimm, or CENTER, mms. miennes .ann rnsrme Arrana'rus.

To all 'whom i# may concern:

Bc it known that I, MORDAUNT E. Prrr- QMAN, a citizen of the United States, re-

lic

' operating sidinr at Center, in the county of Shelby.' and gtate of'Texas, have invented new and Vuseful Improvements in Indicating and Testing Apparatus, of which the following is a specification. c I

Y Thls invention is an improved mdlcatmg and -testing'apparatus for use on gasolene andjnther like engines having one or more cylinders `to `test the cylinders and indicatewhich vof them are misfiring or have leaky waives or rings and thus facilitate adjust- 'ments and repairing; to also indicate when thecarbureter is properly adjusted to produce a mixture ower, and to' also store burned gas or caron dioxid at approximately'the same pressure as that produced by explosion in thev engine cylinders for use in an air starter, pneumatic jack, for lilling tires, or for a horn or otherfpurposes.

AThe invention consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of devices, hereinafter. described and claimed.

in the accompanying drawings: j

lFigure 1 is a diagrammatic plan, `partly i in section, of an indicating and testing ap- Vac sure valves.

Vof nipp paratus constructed and arranged in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of one of the cylinder pressure valves.

Fig. 3 is a detailplan of the same.

Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view showingv i a modified construction of cylinder pres-y In accordance with my invention, I provide a header 1 which forms a chamber 2 and is provided on one side with a. series es 3, one for each engine cylinder 4, and is also provided 4withmpples 5, 6, 7. On the side, opposite the nipples 3 are nippies 8, a nipple 9 is opposite the nipple 5, a nipple 10 is opposite the nipple 6, and a nipple 11 is opposite the ni ple 7. Each engine cylinder 4 is provide with a pressure valve 12, the casing of which is connected to the header by means of a pipe 13, each pipe 13 being connected to one of the niples 3 and bein provided with a stuliing ox 14. A cut. o valve 15 is associated with each pressure valve and has a stem threaded in one ci the nipples 8 and each nipple 8 being profi ed with a stuing box 16.

Specication of Lettera. Patent.

Application led April 18,

having maximum explosive the diaphragm 35. 'threaded in a central i918. serial nu. 91,950.

A pressure indicating gage 17 of suitable construction is connected to the nipple 5 by a pipe 18 and said nipple' 5 is associated with a cut ofi' valve 19, the stem of which is screwed in the nipple 9 and .said nipple 9 being provided with a stuiiing box 20. A

Patented May 14, 191s.

reservoir 21 provided for the storage of Y burned as or carbon dioXid at approximately t e same by explosion in the engine cylinders. A

.scrubber and cooler 22 is connected to this vreservoir and is also connected by a pipeV A23 to the'nipple 6. Associated with said off valve 24,' the stem of in the nipple 10. SaidV nipple 6 isa cut which is threaded nipple lO has a stuffing box 25. The nip le pre erdischarges into the atmosphere, ably through a pipe 26 which leads to a suitable point. A regulating and cut 10E valve 27 is associated with the nipple 7 and has its stem threaded inthe ni ple 11. Said nipple 'is provided' with a stu ng box 28.

The cylinder pressure valves 12 are identical inconstruction. lEach of saidvalves has a casing 29 provided with a nipple 30 to be screwed in a threaded openingleading to the combustion chamber of one of the engine cylinders. In the bore 31' of the nipple is a seat 32 in which operates an inwardly opening valve' 33. The borey 31 leads to `a chamber 34 in the casing 29, which chamber is closed by a diaphragm 35 which is held against an annular shoulder 36 by pressure as that produced provided with an arched cross bar 38.

A lever 39 is arranged in the chamber 34, is pivotally mounted at one end as at 40 and is provided at its `free end with an adjusting screw 4l. Said screw hasfa disk 41a secured thereto near its lower end, which disk bears on the upper end of a coiled spring 42 which bears on and keeps the valve 33 normally closed. The tension of varied as'required by turning the adjusting screw. A lever 43 is also -arranged in the lchamber 34, is pivotally mounted at one end as at 44 and 1s provided near its free end with an adjusting screw 45 which bears on the lever 39 at ya oint near the pivot and fulcrum 40 of the lp has a stud or thrust member 46 which bears againstthe inner side and at the center of An adjusting screw 47 is openingdn the cross bar 38 and bears on the outer end of a spring atter. Said lever 43 also l the spring .may be 4S, the inner end of said spring hearinel against 'the center of the diaphragm. stop 49, which is tubular, extends from the cross bar 8 ytoward the diaphragm and terminates at a point normally a slight distance from the diaphragm.

The operation of my invention is as follows: To test the pressure in the engine cylinders to ascertain whether any of them are misiiring, or the valves of any of them leak, each of the cylinders is .tested separately.

The engine will be run idly at say half speed,

the valve 24 leading from the header' to the reservoir will be closed, the valve 19 opened, the valve 27, controlling the discharge from` the .header to the atmosphere will also be inlitially closed, and the valve 15 controlling burned gas at each explosion to open the c valve 33 and pass through the pipe 13 to the header. ln a short time, the pressure in the header will be 180 pounds and this Will be indicated by the gage 17. rlhe valve 27 will then be opened slightly to reduce the pressure. in the header and maintain such pressure say at 160 pounds.

The valve 15 of the next cylinder fo be tested Will then be opened and the pressure in the header will be increased if the next cylinder is not misfiring entirely and will be indicated by the gage 17. The valve 15 of the irstfcylinder should then be closed. If the second cylinder is in the same condition as the first cylinder, the pressure in the' header will drop and Will stand at 160 pounds, the same as when the rst cylinder was tested. If the rings and valves of the second cylinder leak, the pressure in the header will drop below 160 pounds and such condition will be indicated. If the second cylinder is misliring, the pressure in the header will drop to zero. If the second cylinder is only firing occasionally, the pressure in the header will be very low and unsteady. The cylinders are tested separately in this way and the pressure of each will be tested and compared With that of the one first tested or which is known as the result of tests to be properly operating. During this test, the engine throttle and the,spark should remain in one. position. If any engine cylinder shows less pressure than others and the steadiness of the gage indicates that it 'is ring regularly, the compression should be tested to ascertain whether the valve or rings To test the compression, the adjusting screw 47 ot' the pressure valve of the cylinder under testis loosened to permit the combe indicated by the gage, said valve 15.

should then be closed and the valve 27 opened to relieve the pressure in the header. The regulating Valve 27 should then be closed and the valve 15 of the next cylinder to be tested opened. and so on with all of the cylinders.` It' the rings and 4valves are tight, on all the cylinders, the pressure of all will be the same. lit those of any cylinder are leakirig such cylinder will indicate lower pressure than the others. If the engine has no electric starter, the engine should be run in the usual way and the spark cut o from each cylinder while testing its compression..

To charge the reservoir 21, the valve 2T should be closed, the`valve'24 opened, and the Valves 15 also opened. lf only a small quantity of gas is required, then only one of the Valves, 15 need be opened. The gage 1i' will indicate when the desired pressure is reached, the valve 211- can be closed and also the valve or valves 15. The gas thus stored under pressure in the reservoir is cleaned and cooled in the scrubber and cooler 22 and can be used for operating an air starter, a pneumatic jack, for lilling tires, operating a horn and for other purposes.

Tests for misfiring can be made While the car is running and `when the cylinder Which is misring is located, the car can 4he stopped and the spark plug changed7 or other repair, with only a minimum loss of time.

The invention can also be used toladjust the carbu-reter. This is done by running the The engine is lll) engine one-half speed With one or more of the cylinders open to the header so that the pressure ot the explosion registers on the with said valveQ? opened. tlf the carbureter adjustments are then. changed, so as to make a better and more explosive mixture, the

pressure in the header Will increase. lf the carbureter adjustment is made so Athat the mixture is less explosive, the pressure will decrease. By trying dili'erent adjustments,

the desired mixturecan be obtained. Each change or the carbureter adjustment is indision charge, say to 70 pounds, this gas tends to pass through the ope'nin 31 and to lift the valve 33 but is prevente by pressure on this valve by the spring 48 which is com-V pressed by thescrew 47 and the pressure of lo the diaphragm 35 is communicated` to said valve 33 by the levers 39 and' 43 and spring 42. lVhen the explosion occurs, pressure inthe cylinder rises to say 180 pounds. This lifts the valve 33 and a small proporl5 tion of the burned gas under pressure passes into the chamber 34 and from thence through the pipe 13 into the header. Each explosion of the 4engine cylinder to which the v valve 12 is connected causes gas to enter the B0 chamber 34 and as the pressure in such chamber rises-v the diaphragm is forced -against the spring 48, which vreduces the pressure of the diaphragm on the lever 43, hence reducing thepressure of the lever 43 z5 on the lever 39 and the pressure of the latter lever on the valve 33. If the-diaphragm has an elective area of four square inches and the valve 33 has an effective area of one square inch, a lever-ratio of four on 48 so to one on 39 will be required. It will be seen that if the spring 48 is adjusted by the screw 47, so that -71 pounds is required to lift spring pressure from the valve 33, and the compression pressure is only 70 pounds, g5 no compression gas will pass thevalve 33.

en, however, a pressure exceeding 70 pounds, say 71 pounds, is reached in the chamber 34, the diaphragm will be pushed.

up against the stop 49. The levers 43 and o 39 w1l-l be released, and the valve'33 will be free from pressure excepting that of the gas in the chamber 34 and the s ring 42. Said spring holds the levers tight y with the stud 46 always in contact with the diaphragm 35 and prevents the levers from moving vwhen the valve 33 opens. Saidspring 42 also acts to quickly close the valve 33 against its seat. lVhilethe diaphragm' is against thestop 49, the valve 33 operates as a check 50 valve, with every explosion of the engine cylinder said valve will be'lifted by the' gas and this will be continued until the pressure in the chamber 34 approximately equals that in the engine cylinder. v \When itis not desired to employ the reservoir 21, the valve 12 as shown 1n Fig. 2,

for the hea er, an

may .be dispensed with and the form of valve shown inFi .4 employed in lieu thereof. In this mo ed orm of valve there is a casing 51 for connection to the engine cylinder, provided with a cross partition-52 forming an opening andseat 53 anddividing said casing into chambers 54,55. The upper 'end of the easing is closed by a cap 56. A

pipe 13a leads from the chamber 54 to the 65 header. A pop valve 57 is arranged in the lower portion of the chamber 55, to close downwardly 1n a seat 58 and is kept normally closed by a spring 59. A. ball valve 60 is' arranged in the chamber 54 to close 70 on the seat and opening 53, and ils ke t normally closed by a sprin 61. The llmit of upward movement of sald valve 60 to openv the passage 53, is controlled by a tubular stop 62, around the spring 61, and extendin downwardly from the cap 56.

aving described the invention, what is claimedls: I

1. An indicatin and testing apparatus of the class describe comprising a eader, con- -nections between the cylinders of an engine and the header and each including a valve to vclose against the back pressure from the header, a gage toindicate pressure in the header, and a regulating pressure relieving 35 valve for the header. y

.. 2. An indicating and testing apparatus ofthe class described comprlsing a eader, connections between the cylinders of an engine and the header and each includin a v'alve 90 to close against back pressure rom the header, a gage to indicate pressure" in the header, a re lating pressure relieving valve for the hea er, a storage reservoir connected to the header, and a valve to o en` yor close communication between the hea er and storage reservoir.

3. An indicating and testing apparatus of the classl described comprising a header, connections between the cylinders of an engine and the header and each including a valve -to close against .back pressure from the header, a gage vto indicate pressure in the header, a re lating pressure relieving valve means to va ing pressure on theirst-narned va ve. In testimony whereof I airix my :signature in 'presence of two witnesses. A MORDAUNT E. PITTMAN. Witnesses: l

Y. D. CARROLL,

T. G. CARROLL.

the clos- 

